https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/73476.pdf
FYI: Just thought I would post this. This seems to be the latest and greatest hot topic relating to PV and grid infra-structure. No surprise really, a next logical step considering the expansion of microgrids, etc..
The link provided goes directly to a .pdf file about 60 pages long. Document most likely created in 2020 thru 2023. These things take awhile.
AN interesting read....
This is the first para from the executive summary:
"Executive Summary
Managing the stability of today's electric power systems is based on decades of experience with
the physical properties and control responses of large synchronous generators, usually with the
size of hundreds to even thousands of megawatts. Today's electric power systems are rapidly
transitioning toward having an increasing proportion of generation from nontraditional sources,
such as wind and solar (among others), as well as energy storage devices, such as batteries. In
addition to the variable nature of many renewable generation sources (because of the weather driven nature of their fuel supplies), these newer sources vary in size-from residential-scale
rooftop systems (a few kilowatts) to utility-scale power plants (hundreds to even thousands of
megawatts)-and they are interconnected throughout the electric grid both from within the
distribution system and directly to the high-voltage transmission system. Most important for our
purposes, many of these new resources are connected to the power system through power
electronic inverters rather than spinning electromechanical machines. Collectively, we refer to
these generation technologies as inverter-based resources.".......
Of personal note: It drives me nuts they use the word "Fuel" when talking about RE energy sources. The only legit use of the word fuel* with RE is if you are talking about Bio- Methane (CH4), Green Hydrogen (H2) burning. Those involve burning (H2 fuel cell does not), so yes fuels.
I remember watching a special on the impact of everyday language and how it effects out daily perceptions. Using as example "fuel" VS "energy" keeps the "burning mentality" alive in people's minds. Wind, solar, hydro are actually the energy source itself, Kinetic for wind and hydro, EMR for solar. These tiny difference in the language chosen over large expanses of word usage, coupled with time after time alters peoples perceptions of their daily reality. It can effect how they perceive the rapidity of change, to name one.
*"A fuel may be defined as a substance, which on burning with oxygen produces a large amount of heat. A fuel is mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen."
I would also take issue with anyone who would say that sense the sun is the source of solar and wind, and hydro for that matter, the sun burns therefore all the above can be considered fuel. The sun does not burn. It is a thermonuclear reaction of H2 forming He.
Anyway, I digress..... Enjoy the report....
------------------------------
william fitch
Owner
www.WeAreSolar.com
------------------------------